아이와 함께 성장하는 엄마 Judy 이야기

[어휘&표현]
1. get something straight: (오해가 없도록 분명히) ~ 밝히다
(본문) First of all, let me get something straight.
우선 먼저, 짚고 넘어가야 할 게 있다.
3. specially ADV: 특별히; 특히
(본문) I know what it says on the cover, but when Mom went out to buy this thing I specially told her to buy get one that didn't say "diary" on it.
표지에 뭐라고 써 있는지 알지만, 엄마가 이거 사러 나가셨을때 "일기장"이라고 써있지 않은거 사다 달라고 특별히 주문했다.
2. clear up: 정리하다; 설명하다
(본문) The other thing I want to clear up right away is that it was Mom's idea, not mine.
또한가지 당장 확실히 설명하고 싶은 것은 일기 쓰는 것은 내 생각이 아니라 엄마의 생각이었다.

[책읽기]

[기사 요약]

뇌 이식으로 전신마비 환자 의사소통 가능

전신 마비 환자, 뇌 이식 덕분에 의사소통이 가능해졌다.
이 남성은 2015년 근위축성 측색 경화증 진단을 받았다. 이 질병은 근육 조절 능력을 잃게 만든다. 이 질병이 오랜 기간 지속되면 말하고, 먹고, 움직이고 숨 쉬는 능력까지 잃을 수도 있다.
2017년 이 환자는 마비되어 마지막 남은 위사소통 수단이었던 눈동자 움직임 능력까지 잃어가고 있었다. 그가 마지막 의사소통 능력을 상실하기 전 뇌 이식 임상 시험에 참가하겠다고 동의하였다.
2019년 의사는 남성의 운동 대뇌 피질(신체 움직임을 통제하는 뇌의 일부분)에 두개의 작은 전극을 이식했다.
이 두개의 전극은 두뇌 활동 신호를 감지해서 이 신호를 오르내리는 소리로 변환해주는 소프트웨어로 보낸다. 남성은 이 소리를 듣고 높낮이로 생각으로 조절할 수 있다. 고주파 음은 "네"를 뜻하고, 저주파 음은 "아니오"를 뜻한다.
각각의 문자를 선택하는데 단 1분이 걸리지 않지만, 문장에 "예", "아니오"로 응답하는 일은 더딘 과정이다.
철자법 도구를 이용해 3일 만에 자신과 아들, 아내의 이름을 철자로 썼다. 그 이후로, 그는 다양한 음식과 도움 등을 요청했다.
그뿐만 아니라, 그는 연구원들에게 뇌 이식의 기회를 주어 감사하다고 말하며, "여러분, 이식 덕분에 수월하게 의사소통 가능해졌네요."라고 말했다.

Brain Implants Help Paralyzed Man Communicate Again

A paralyzed man unable to move even his eyes can now communicate in complete sentences after receiving a brain implant that allows him to select letters with his mind.
The patient, born in 1985, was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in 2015. ALS is a disease that causes people to lose he ability to control their muscles. Over time, a person with ALS may lose the ability to speak, eat, move and even breathe.
By 2017, the patient was paralyzed and was also losing the only way he had left of communicating — eye movement. So, before he completely lost this ability, he agreed to participate in the experiment, using his eye movements for confirmation.
In March 2019, doctors put two small sets of electrodes in the man's motor cortex — a part of the brain that controls physical movement.
The electrodes pick up brain activity in the man's head and send it to software that translates it to a sound that rises and falls. The man can hear this sound and can control its pitch with his thoughts. High-frequency tones mean "yes," and low-frequency tones mean "no."
Responding with "yes" and "no" to letters, which the man also hears through a speaker, is a slow process — with each letter choice taking just over a minute.
However, on the first three days of using the researchers' spelling tool, the man spelled his own, his son's and his wife's names. And since, he's asked for different types of food and for help with his care. He's also asked to drink beer, watch Disney movies with his son and listen to some of his favorite music.
But not only that — he also thanked the researchers for giving him the implant, and told them, "Boys, it works so effortlessly."

courtesy of: https://engoo.co.kr/app/daily-news/article/brain-implants-help-paralyzed-man-communicate-again/iJtL6sABEeyCNy-fHgNXMQ

[영문 요약]
With the help of brain implants, a paralyzed man can now communicate with his family, friends, and so on. A man was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease that leads people to lose the ability to control muscles. Before the patient loses his last way to communicate, he agreed to take part in the experiment. Then doctors implanted two small sets of electrodes into his motor cortex, a part of the brain that controls physical movement. The electrodes read the brainwave in the man's head and send it to software that changes it into high-frequency tones, meaning "yes", or low-frequency tones, meaning "no". Those frequencies are what the man can control with his thoughts. Though it takes just over a minute to pick up each letter, it's a slow process to respond with "yes" or "no" to letters. The man managed to spell his, his son's, and his wife's names within the first three days of making use of the spelling device. Since then, he's been able to ask for various different types of food and help with his care, and more. After all, he thanked the researchers and said "Oh man, it totally comes in handy!"

[기사 요약]
한국 문화가 전세계 인들의 주목을 받고 있는 가운데, 세계에서 가장 권위 있는 영어 사전인 '옥스퍼드 영어 사전' 출판부가 한국어 26개를 등록하겠다고 밝혔다.
옥스퍼드 출판부는 김밥, 치맥, 불고기 등의 한국 음식을 사전 목록에 올렸다.
또한, 한류와 K드라마를 추가하고 누나, 오빠 등의 호칭을 함께 실었다.

[기사 원문]

Oxford English Dictionary Adds 26 Korean Words

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has added 26 words of Korean origin, as interest in everything Korean — including food, music and film — grows all over the world.
Many of the words on the new list include types of Korean food. One of them is kimbap, which is cooked rice with vegetables, fish or meat rolled in seaweed — a bit like sushi. Another is chimaek — Korean-style fried chicken and beer.
There's also bulgogi — a dish made from thin pieces of beef or pork that you barbecue or fry.
With the international success of boy band BTS, the Oscar-winning movie Parasite and Netflix's extremely popular Squid Game TV show, it's no surprise that words from Korean popular culture have been included too.
For example, the OED added hallyu, which means "Korean wave," and is used in English to refer to South Korean popular culture and entertainment. So, you might have a "hallyu fan" or a "hallyu star."
The OED also included "K-drama," which is a Korean language television show made in Korea.
Then you have words like noona, used by a male to talk to his older sister or older female friend, and oppa, used by a female to speak to her older brother, older male friend or boyfriend. The characters in K-dramas often use noona and oppa.
The OED said that the use of Korean-origin words in English shows how the language is being changed from places outside of its traditional centers in the UK and the US.
And if the success of Korean entertainment and popular culture continues, there may be many more new words to come!

courtesy of: https://engoo.co.kr/app/daily-news/article/oxford-english-dictionary-adds-26-korean-words/pVBLUCeBEeyqsDdtsq_wNw

[영어 요약]
As Korean culture became the prolonging talks in many towns, the Oxford English Dictionary (OECD) has decided to add 26 words of Korean origin ranging from food to music and film. This move came after Hallyu gathered momentum to catch on every corner of the globe. South Korean boy band BTS along with the Oscar-winning movie Parasite are partly attributable to Korean sensation.

[기사 요약]

코스트코, 화장지와 청소용품 구매 제한

코로나19 델타 변이의 여파로 세계 최대 창고형 할인점 코스트코가 다시 한번 화장지 품귀 현상을 겪고 있다.
코스트코는 휴지, 생수, 청소용품 등의 주요 품목 구매 제한 조치를 실시하겠다고 밝혔다.
코스트코 최고재무책임자(CFO)는 이번 분기 실적 발표 '어닝 콜'에서 배송 지연과 트럭 운전사 부족이 이번 제한 조치의 주요 요인이라고 설명했다.
그는 지난해 코로나19 초기 고객들이 화장지와 생필품을 사재기하던 상황과는 달리 코스트코는 충분한 상품을 보유하고 있다고 덧붙였다.
CFO는 회사가 내년 컨테이너 수송을 위해 선박 3척을 임대하여 원활한 공급에 대비하고 있다고 강조했다.
그는 또한 이번 분기 물가 상승 또한 이번 사태에 한몫하고 있다고 전했다.

[기사 전문]

Limits On Toilet Paper And Cleaning Supplies Are Back At Costco

The days of toilet paper shortages may not be over just yet: Costco has announced new limits on purchases of certain household items as supply chain issues bedevil the company and the delta variant spreads.
The company is putting "limitations on key items" such as toilet paper, bottled water and cleaning supplies so it can meet any uptick in demand due to the COVID-19 surge, Costco Chief Financial Officer Richard Galanti said during the company's latest earnings call on Thursday.
He did not specify how many items customers would be allowed to buy.
"A year ago there was a shortage of merchandise," Galanti told investors during the call.
Now Galanti said the retailer has plenty of merchandise, but delivery delays are the issue, citing "short-term changes to trucking" and "delivery need" as the main factors.
In the meantime, Galanti said Costco is trying to stay ahead of the curve by continuing to place orders early to get stores what they need.
In an effort to address the delivery issues, Galanti told investors that the company has chartered three ocean vessels for the next year to transport several thousand containers between the U.S., Asia and Canada.
Each ship will be able to carry 800 to 1,000 containers at a time.
The membership-only warehouse retailer said it has seen an increase in overall price inflation on its products this quarter, estimated to be between 3.5% and 4.5%, Galanti said.
courtesy of https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/09/24/1040471872/limits-toilet-paper-cleaning-supplies-costco-delta-covid

[영어 요약]
Costco, one of the largest retail stores in the world, has once again been confronted with difficulties in meeting the demand for certain merchandise: Covid-19 pandemic has sent the retailer to restrict purchases of key items including toilet paper, bottled water, cleaning supplies, and so on. Costco Chief Financial Officer (CFO) cited a surge in delta variant and delivery delays as the major factors in the limitation on such items during the company's latest earnings call. However, the CFO pointed out that things were different from a year ago when it had suffered panic buying shopping sprees and now it has ample supplies this time. In an attempt to cope with the supply chain issue, the company has come up with a solution to charter three ocean vessels in order to transport thousands of containers next year. Costco has seen a rise in inflation by 3.5% ~ 4.5% on its products this quarter, adding more pressure to the supply issue.

[기사 요약]
중국 최고인민 법원은 '996'이라고 널리 알려진 근로 문화가 불법이라고 판결했다. 이러한 '996' 근로 관행은 오전 6시부터 오후 9시까지 주 6일 근무를 의미한다. 996 근로 문화는 특히나 중국의 거대 기술 기업에서 특히 보편적이다. 알리바바의 창업주 마윈은 한 때 직원들에게 12시간을 일해야 한 다고 말하며 '996'은 축복이라고 표현한 바 있다. 중국 노동법에 따르면 법적 노동시간은 주 44시간이며 그 외 초과 근무 시 수당을 지급해야 한다. 중국 최고 인민법원과 노동사회보장부는 공동 성명서에서 노동쟁의 10건의 노동 법 위반과 관련된 법원 판결을 상세히 설명했다. 현재 중국 SNS에서는 자신들의 과로 업무를 공유하는 게시글이 늘고 있으며, 대중적 분노와 근로 문화 변화에 대한 관심이 증폭되고 있다.

[기사 전문]

China Warns Companies Against '996' Work Culture

The Supreme People's Court of China has warned companies that the country's "996" work culture is illegal.
Many big companies have supported "996" work culture —where people work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week. In 2019, Jack Ma, founder of technology business Alibaba, said that working these hours "is a huge bliss," News24 reported.
"If you want to join Alibaba, you need to be prepared to work 12 hours a day," Ma said.
However, on August 27, the court and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said employers need to respect the national working hours.
China's labor laws state that employees should work a maximum of 44 hours per week on average. Any additional hours should be paid overtime. And overtime must not be more than 36 hours per month.
But if an employee follows the "996" timetable, they could be doing as much as 128 hours of monthly overtime — far beyond what's legal.
Along with the warning, the court and the ministry published 10 court cases where employers had broken the law.
In one case, an employee at a media company fainted at work at 5:30 a.m., and later died of heart failure, according to The Straits Times. The court asked the company to pay the employee's family over $60,000.
Anger has been growing in China over the culture of overwork. And many social media users have shared that they regularly work over 300 hours a month.
"I am so tired. I can't remember when I last saw daylight," the BBC quoted one Weibo user as saying.
courtesy of https://engoo.co.kr/app/daily-news/article/china-warns-companies-against-996-work-culture/12K9ahC4EeyQjA8yc4FopA

[영어 요약]
China's top court said what's commonly known in China as '996' work culture, the practice of working from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week, is illegal. '996' is endorsed, in particular, by many giant technology companies. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, once told his employees that they needed to work 12-hour days at the company and described the practice as a blessing. Under China's Labor Standards Act, its workweek shouldn't last over 44 hours and extra hours should be paid overtime. The court pointed to 10 court cases of businesses breaking the labor law in a statement. A large number of users on social media have recently shared their overwork, bringing a wave of outrage and attention to the need for a social change in the unrighteous 996 work culture in the country.

[기사 요약]
미국 최대 전자상거래 기업인 아마존은 직원 교육비 지원 계획을 발표했다. 아마존은 내년 1월부터 2025년까지 직원 4년제 대학비 전액 지원, 계획을 밝혔다. 또한, 아마존은 시간제 직원들의 고등학교 수료, 영어능력 향상 프로그램 등에 대한 비용도 부담할 방침이다. 이번 혜택은 대상은 아마존에서 90일 간 근무한 시급 직원이다. 또한 아마존 교육 지원을 받은 근로자가 교육 도중이나 수료 후 회사를 퇴사하더라도, 교육비 반환 의무는 없다. 이번 조치는 아마존의 열악한 노동 환경 역풍을 피하려는 고육지책으로 보인다. 언론 보도에 따르면, 최근 미국은 최악의 구인 난을 겪고 있다. 이러한 인력난을 해소하기 위해 오프라인 유통업체 월마트도 지난달부터 근로자 대학 교육비와 교재비 전액을 지원하고 있다.

[기사 전문]

Amazon Offers To Pay College Tuition for 750,000 US Staff

Amazon has offered to pay the college tuition of over 750,000 of its hourly employees in the US as a way to attract and retain more staff.
In a statement, the e-commerce giant said it would spend $1.2 billion between now and 2025 on education and training, starting in January. The money will be used to pay for undergraduate degrees, as well as high school diplomas, English language courses, and other skills programs.
Staff can use the scheme after working at Amazon for just 90 days, so long as they continue working full or part-time while taking their course.
All fees will be paid by Amazon before classes start and don't have to be paid back when the employee leaves the company. There is also no limit to how long employees will be able to continue to receive education funding, meaning they can use the scheme to get more than one qualification.
The move comes as Amazon experiences high front-line worker turnover, especially in its warehouses, with many new recruits only lasting days or weeks, according to a June 2021 report by the New York Times.
Constant monitoring, high injury rates, physically grueling work, unreasonable deadlines, and having no time off are just some of the complaints shared by Amazon employees.
According to the US Department of Labor, job vacancies in the US are also at record highs, reaching nearly 11 million in July — making hiring even harder.
"Today, there are not enough workers to fill every job in the United States, which means businesses are struggling to hire, especially for roles that require specific or technical skill sets," Cheryl Oldham, from the US Chamber of Commerce Foundation told The Guardian.
In July, Walmart also offered to pay full college tuition for approximately 1.5 million part-time and full-time US employees. Target followed in August, saying it would offer free degree programs to more than 340,000 US staff.

courtesy of https://engoo.co.kr/app/daily-news/article/amazon-offers-to-pay-college-tuition-for-750000-us-staff/UBvdRBalEeyee_NfC-t5sA

[영어 요약]
Amazone, one of the largest online retail chains in the US, has announced it would pay the college tuition of its part-time employees, starting January. The education funding will be spent on career training and development for its workers between now and 2025 in an effort to attract and retain more staff. All the staff members are eligible for the scheme providing that they work at Amazon for mere 90 days and keep working there as part or full-time employees. What's more, those who benefit from the plan could leave the company without having to worry about the payback. The move comes as Amazon grapples with a high turnover of staff, particularly in its warehouses due to its notorious labor environment. Furthermore, a myriad of businesses in the US has now tackled a chronic labor shortage. Walmart had already led its way to offer to pay 100% of college tuition and book costs for its par and full-time workforce last month in an attempt to address job openings.

[기사 요약]
스칼렛 요한슨 주연의 '블랙 위도우'로 전 세계 극장을 강타한 마블은, 최신 영화 '샹치와 열개 반지의 전설'로 다시 한번 흥행몰이 중이다.
기존 아시아 슈퍼히어로 영화는 마블 팬들에게 많은 사랑을 받지 못했지만, 마블은 현란한 전투 장면을 담은 '샹치'를 큰 스크린에 선보이며 화제를 불러일으키고 있다.
영화는 캘리포니아 샌프란시스코에서 주차 요원으로 일하며 베스트 프렌드 캐티와 함께 살고 있는 '상치'를 중심으로 이야기가 전개된다. 이번 영화가 주목받는 이유 중 하나는 우주를 구하는 히어로에 중점을 둔 기존 마블 영화와는 다르게 마블 미래를 암시하는 길목에 선 주인공의 개인적인 이야기에 주안점을 두었기 때문에 신선한 반응을 모으고 있다.
'상치'는 평론가들의 극찬을 받고 있으며 개봉 15일 만에 전 세계적으로 1억 7천5백만 달러를 넘게 벌어들이고 있다. 코로나19가 장기화되고 있는 상황에서, '상치'는 예상 밖의 흥행작이다.
또한, 인종차별이 만연한 가운데, 최초 아시아 슈퍼히어로 주연 영화인 상치는 아시아인들의 자긍심을 드높이고 있다.

[기사 전문]
“Shang-Chi and the Legends of the Ten Rings” – the first Marvel movie featured an Asian Superhero Lead
After firing all theaters over the world last July with ‘Black Widow’ movie, starred Scarlett Johansson, Marvel continues to blow up the hit with its latest cinematic entry “Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings”. The Asian superhero did not leave much impression to Marvel comics’ fans but when the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), took a bold move and brought this character to the big screen, Shang-Chi has now become the prolonging talks of many towns.
The film centered on Shang-Chi (portrayed by Simu Liu), who works as a valet parker and lives in San Francisco, California with his best friend Katy (by Awakwafina). The movie is refreshing as it does not focus on universe-saving details but on telling a personal story that also implies exciting paths for the future of Marvel movies. ‘Shang-Chi’ not only satisfies audiences with its mesmerizing fighting scenes but also bring viewers to tears by laughing and yes, family stories. You can find yourself related to many characters in the movie.
After its world premiere at the El Capitan Theatre and TCL Chinese Theater in Los Angeles on August 16th, 2021 and was screened at CinemaCon on August 25th, the newest Marvel superhero movie was showered with positive feedbacks and reviews from experts. ‘Shang-Chi and the Legends of the Ten rings” was scored with 92% tomatometer and 98% audience score (by Rotten Tomatoes, the world’s most trusted recommendation resources for quality entertainment; tomatometer score – based on the opinions of hundreds of film and television critics). This is an impressive and expensive accomplishments for the university of Marvel Cinema.
Nonetheless, ‘Shang-Chi’ kicked off its theatrical run with over $75M on its first 3 days of release and topped the domestic box office for the second Friday in a row, earning $9.7M for a $119.5M domestic total. Besides, the movie has also achieved over $56.2M internationally, added up to $175.7M worldwide after 15 days of release (according to Box Office Mojo). Nevertheless, over its first weekend, ‘Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings’ also topped the South Korea box office with the gross of $4.75M over the opening weekend, according to the data from Kobis, the tracking service provided by the Korean Film Council. Consider the current circumstances with prolonging COVID-19 pandemic, ‘Shang-Chi’ has so far been a successful piece of art. Besides talking numbers, the first Asian Marvel Superhero Lead makes all the Asian communities walk with the head held high. Under a propagation of racism, ‘Shang-Chi’ comes at the appropriate time to reinforce the beautiful Asian ancestor history of martial art, the resilient of Asian people and the strong bonds within a family.
Simu Liu, starred as Shang-Chi, was commonly mistaken as Korean due to his play in Kim’s convenient, a popular Canadian sitcom about the Kim family and life of a Korea immigrants in Canada. Liu is a Canadian-Chinese actor. Born in an Asian family with high expectations from his parents of being doctors or engineers, two typical choices among Asian families, Liu graduated from Business Administration major and worked as an accountant before he was laid off. He then decided to take a sharp turn in his life to pursue a career as an actor or stuntman. Can we say his dream now comes true?
After the release of ‘Shang-Chi’, Liu becomes a new inspiration among Asian community for his perseverance and friendly personality. Of course, he is now making history with ‘Shang-Chi’ and sharpening the power of being an Asian.
‘Shang-Chi’ is now on every theater across South Korea.

courtesy of http://www.psnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=2001191

[영어 요약]
Marvel, one of the giant movie makers, hit yet another jackpot with the debut of an Asian superhero movie, Shang-Chi and the Legends of Ten Rings. It was obvious that conventional Asian superheroes were not Marvel fans' cup of tea until Marvel took unusual steps to run Shang-Chi on a big screen with its fascinating fighting scenes. It now became a smash hit. The movie is about a personal life dealing with friction between a son, Sang-Chi, and a father. The film is highly praised for not only dynamic action scenes but also a family-centered story that brings tears and laugher to audiences' eyes. 'Snag-Chi' has so far received credit for 98% audience score, bring in over $175 million worldwide in just 15 days of its cinematic entry. In addition, it topped the South Korea box office, raking in an estimated $4 million over the opening weekend. Given the circumstances that the Covid-19 pandemic is here to stay, the film has been a surprise hit. Moreover, amid the prevalence of racism, the first Asain superhero lead helps all the Asian ethnic groups feel a glow of pride.

반도체 품귀 자동차 업계도 타격

전 세계적인 반도체 부족 여파로 자동차 업계 역시 난관에 봉착했다. 자동차 반도체 부품 부족으로 자동차 거대 기업인 GM은 북미 지역의 4군데의 공장을 제외한 모든 지역의 생산을 일시 중단하겠다고 발표했다.
반도체는 우리 일상생활에 쓰이는 기기, 전자 제품 등에 없어서는 안 될 필수 불가결한 부품이다. 최근 반도체 공급 부족 현상으로 소니, 도요타, 포드 등과 같은 유수의 다국적 자동차 제조사들은 생산 차질을 보도하고 있다. 이런 반도체 품귀 현상은 코로나19로 더욱 가중되고 있다. 코로나19로 취해진 봉쇄조치는 중국, 한국, 대만 등의 자동차 제조 공장 인력 부족을 야기하며 반도체 공급 부족 현상에 부채질을 하고 있다. 전문가들은 이런 반도체 공급 부족 현상은 2022년 내내 지속되어 2023년까지 영향을 미칠 것으로 보고 있다.

Global semiconductor shortage hurts car industry

The automotive and other industries around the globe are facing production challenges due to a shortage of semiconductors. A global semiconductor shortage has caused car giant General Motors to halt production at all but four of its plants in North America. GM owns a number of popular car brands, including Cadillac, Chevrolet and GMC. A GM spokesperson told the Detroit Free Press news agency that the company is focused on trying to resolve its supply chain difficulties. He said: "Although the situation remains complex and very fluid, we remain confident in our team's ability to continue finding creative solutions to minimize the impact on our highest-demand and capacity-constrained vehicles."
Semiconductors are an indispensable part of many of the gadgets and electrical products we use in our everyday lives. Sony, Toyota, Ford and other multinational companies are reporting production hitches due to the current dearth in supply. One reason for the shortage is the COVID-19 pandemic. Staff shortages in factories that manufacture the chips in China, South Korea and Taiwan have negatively hit production. The website engadget.com said companies would experience challenges for the foreseeable future. It reported: "With the shortages expected to continue until at least 2023, and no immediate solutions forthcoming, GM likely won't be the last company to change its production schedule."

courtesy of https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2109/210906-semiconductor-shortage.html

[영어요약]
The automotive industry is not an exception to a global scarcity of semiconductors, resulting in production hitches. The shortage of the chips has forced GM, one of the world's largest automakers, to stop production at most of its plants in North America.
Today, semiconductors are vital component of many gadgets and electronic products used in our daily lives. Several multinational car makers like Sony, Toyota, Ford, etc. announced that they are confronting production hardship, citing the short supply. The supply hitches are attributable to the Covid19 pandemic. The pandemic has sent many factories that make chips in China, South Korea, Taiwan to be desperately understaffed. Current analysis shows that there isn't enough to go around for some time in the near future, and the chip crunch is expected to last through 2022 and into 2023.